Which policy involved U.S. financial aid to rebuild Europe after World War II?

• A. Truman Doctrine
• B. Berlin Airlift
• C. Marshall Plan
• D. European Recovery Program

Answer: (C)

The question centers on a policy that delivered U.S. financial aid to rebuild Europe after World War II. The program most closely matching that description is the Marshall Plan, also officially named the European Recovery Program. Proposed in 1947 and implemented from 1948 to 1952, it provided substantial funding to Western European economies to rebuild infrastructure, revive industry, and stabilize markets. The aim was to foster economic recovery and political stability to counter the appeal of communism, with participating nations required to cooperate on reforms and trade.

The other options refer to different Cold War actions: the Truman Doctrine focused on containing communism by supporting Greece and Turkey, and the Berlin Airlift was a humanitarian effort to supply West Berlin during a Soviet blockade. The European Recovery Program is simply the formal name for the Marshall Plan, which is why this option is the best answer.