Movement sought to address social problems through faith and charity?

• A. ERA
• B. Birth control movement
• C. New feminism
• D. Social Gospel

Answer: (D)

The main idea being tested is the belief that Christian faith should be put into action to solve social problems. The Social Gospel argued that addressing urban poverty, poor housing, unsafe work, and other social ills was a religious obligation, calling for churches and religious leaders to lead reforms and charitable efforts in society. It emphasized applying Christian ethics to public life—through settlement houses, charitable work, and advocacy for reforms like better housing, labor protections, and temperance—so salvation was seen as both personal and social. The other options don’t fit this faith-centered approach: the ERA aimed at constitutional gender equality, the birth control movement focused on reproductive rights and public health, and New feminism centers on women's social and political rights without the same emphasis on religiously motivated social reform.